久久久国产精品入口麻豆,毛片在线网站,在线成人h网,国产欧美精品一区二区三区-老狼

特 色 推 薦
Features
***主要賣點： “國際風格”系列作為唐藝的主要系列叢書，《樓盤》、《樣板房》都取得了巨大的成功，《國際風格景觀》吸取經驗，傾力打造，14種風格、28個國家、106個項目，締造出景觀類圖書的超級航母！
《國際風格景觀》歸納以下三大優勢賣點，以供各位銷售人員參考借鑒： 賣點一：分類全面： 目前唯一的真正以風格為分類的綜合性景觀圖書。包括：中式、日式、東南亞、英式、法式、地中海等14大類。 賣點二：代表性強： 精選代表各種風格最高水平的最新作品，組稿來源于28個國家，海外作品占到80%。 賣點三：編輯創新： 不是簡單的風格或項目的羅列，本書編輯重點闡述各種景觀風格的地域性特色，力求展現、比較某種風格在本土及其他地區的變化融合發展情況。 ***
《國際風格景觀》在全球范圍內精選了最新的106個景觀項目。在分類上，以世界主流景觀風格為劃分依據，包括現代風格、中式風格、日式風格、美式風格、東南亞風格、英式風格、法式風格、地中海風格等14種類別，通過集成眾多的風格類別，系統而全面地介紹了歐亞非大陸上的各個國家和地區的園林景觀的發展情況，以及對于同一種風格在不同國家之間的運用進行了對比和簡略綜述，以便于讀者認識和了解。

Landscape of International Style includes the 106 latest landscape projects around the world. These projects are divided into 14 styles, such as modern style, Chinese style, Japanese style, American style, Southeast Asian style, English style, French style and Mediterranean style. The widely-covering style projects systematically and thoroughly show the development of landscape architecture around the world. Additionally, they give brief introduction and examples for comparison of the same style landscapes in different counties so that you can easily learn more about it.

本書以實踐為基礎編寫，以實景彩圖與設計圖配合精辟的文字論述，重點闡述各國景觀的地域性設計特色，同時與市場需求緊密結合，創新融入“人性化、生態化、科技化、藝術化”等當前最為熱門的4大景觀設計趨勢，展示世界各地風景園林方面最新的優秀規劃和設計趨向。

Edited on the basis of practice, this book uses color real scene photos, design drawings and incisive texts to discuss localized design features of landscape architecture around the world. Additionally, it is closely connected with the market demand by integrating with the four hottest trends of landscape design, which are human-oriented, ecological, high-technological and artistic, to present excellent plans and trends of landscape design around the world.

項 目 介 紹
Project Introduction

01中式園林風格
杭州西湖四季酒店 010
西安大唐芙蓉園 024
西安曲江池遺址公園 036
西安曲江新區景觀 044
西安天朗蔚藍觀園 050
上海世博會畝中山水園 056
天津格調竹境 068
南京頤和公館 082
武漢融科?天城 086

01 Chinese Style
Four Seasons Hotel Hangzhou at West Lake 010
Tang Paradise, Xi’an 024
Qujiang Pool Park, Xi’an 036
Qujiang New District Landscape, Xi’an 044
Titan ? The First Park Landscape, Xi’an 050
Chinese Garden, Shanghai Expo 056
Gediao Zujing Landscape, Tianjin 068
Yihe Mansion Landscape, Nanjing 082
Raycom ? Skyline, Wuhan 086

02日式園林風格
日本寒川神社花園 094
日本京園禪意庭院 102
日本福岡銀行新本部大樓 108
日本飯田橋景觀 114
日本S宅邸庭院 120
無錫靈山禪修中心（竹林精舍）126
德國H宅邸庭院 132

02 Japanese Style
Garden of Samukawa Shrine, Japan 094
Zen Garden Kyouen, Japan 102
Fukuoka Bank Headquarters, Japan 108
Iidabashi Plano, Japan 114
Residential Garden for Mr. S’s 120
Zen Meditation Center in Lingshan Mountain, Wuxi 126
Residential Garden for Mr. H’s 132

03東南亞園林風格
泰國普吉撒拉餐廳 140
泰國Zense美食露臺 148
泰國希爾頓芭提雅中央酒店 154
泰國Baan Sansuk庭院 164
泰國清邁The Chedi酒店 172
泰國Baan Yamu公寓二期 174
泰國Privé公寓 178
沈陽萬科?金域藍灣 184
杭州東海?檸檬郡 190
廣州居禮? 潤園 196
印尼Alila Villas Uluwatu度假別墅 210
印尼巴厘島Semara水療度假村 216

03 Southeast Asian Style
SALA Phuket, Thailand 140
Zense Gourmet Deck and Lounge Panorama, Thailand 148
Hilton Central Pattaya Hotel, Thailand 154
Garden of Baan Sansuk, Thailand 164
The Chedi Chiang Mai, Thailand 172
Baan Yamu Phase II, Thailand 174
Privé by Sansiri, Thailand 178
Vanke ? The Paradiso, Shenyang 184
East Sea ? Lemon Dream, Hangzhou 190
Ju Li ? Run Garden, Guangzhou 196
Alila Villas Uluwatu, Indonesia 210
Semara Resort and Spa, Bali, Indonesia 216

04印度園林風格
印度展園 224
印度新德里五感花園 226
印度新德里綜合購物廣場 230
印度瓦拉納西Nadesar皇宮酒店 234
印度新德里阿曼酒店 236

04 Indian Style
India Garden, Expo 2011 Xi'an 224
The Garden of Five Senses, India 226
Plaza at Emporium Complex, New Delhi 230
Taj Nadesar Palace, Varanasi, India 234
New Aman Hotel in New Delhi , India 236

05阿拉伯園林風格
西班牙伊斯蘭園 240
阿布扎比Anantara度假酒店 242

05 Arabian Style
Spanish Islamic Garden, Expo 2011 Xi'an 240
Qasr Al Sarab Desert Resort, Abu Dhabi 242

06地中海園林風格
意大利IL Salviatino酒店 248
澳大利亞黃金海岸范思哲酒店 252
福州三盛托斯卡納 258
意大利臺地園林 264
西班牙萬豪La Sella度假酒店 266
杭州良渚文化村陽光天際 270

06 Mediterranean Style
Hotel IL Salviatino, Italy 248
Palazzo Versace Gold Coast, Australia 252
San Sheng ? Toscana, Fuzhou 258
Italian Terrace Garden, Expo 2011 Xi'an 264
Marriott Resort La Sella, Spain 266
Sunlight Vista, Hangzhou 270

07法式園林風格
法國古典主義園林 278
上海風景水岸（一期）280
加州Cantor別墅花園 284
美國加州Robson別墅 288

07 French Style
French Classical Garden, Expo 2011 Xi'an 278
Boee Scenery Coast I, Shanghai 280
Garden of Cantor Residence, California 284
Robson Residence, California 288

08德式園林風格
德國柏林博物館島柱廊庭院 296
德國奧伯豪森CentrO購物休閑中心 300
德國埃森大學園區 304

08 German Style
Colonnade Courtyard - Museum Island Berlin, Germany 296
CentrO Shopping and Leisure Center, Germany 300
University Park Essen, Germany 304

09英式園林風格
英國棕櫚度假酒店 310
杭州萬科白鷺郡南一期 314
美國雨園住宅景觀 320

09 English Style
The Palms Grand Resort & Spa, UK 310
Vanke ? Heron Hill South Phase I, Hangzhou 314
Rain Garden Residence Landscape, USA 320

10美式園林風格
美國圣地亞哥Santaluz度假村別墅 326
美國加利福尼亞州木蕊村公園 330
美國德克薩斯州松湖牧場別墅 334
美國加州瑪吉牧場住宅區 338
美國加州山地別墅 342
墨西哥Encanto酒店 350

10 American Style
Santaluz, San Diego, USA 326
Woodbury, California, USA 330
Pine Lake Ranch Residence, Texas, USA 334
Magee Ranch Residential Quarter, California, USA 338
Mountain House, California 342
Hotel Encanto, Mexico 350

11熱帶沙漠園林風格
墨西哥拉斯本塔納斯阿利帕拉伊索酒店 356
美國亞利桑那州鳳凰城萬豪沙漠嶺度假村 362
美國拉斯維加斯時尚秀購物中心 368
阿聯酋迪拜塔公園 374

11 Tropical Desert Style
Las Ventanas Al Paraíso, Mexico 356
Desert Ridge Marriott, Phoenix, Arizona, USA 362
Fashion Show Mall, Las Vegas, USA 368
Burj Khalifa Tower Park, UAE 374

12現代自然園林風格
以色列海法大學學生中心 388
以色列本?古里安大學入口廣場 & 美術館 392
日本寶冢太陽城 396
秦皇島濱海景觀帶 402
遂寧河東新區五彩濱江景觀帶規劃 410
南京紫峰大廈 414
上海古北國際財富中心一期 420
上海古北黃金城道步行街 424
上海金地格林世界“白金院邸” 432
西安陽光金城 436
迪拜矽地綠洲別墅群 442
荷蘭新水防線 444
美國布法羅河口散步道 448
美國休斯頓四季酒店 452
美國康奈提格州圣心大學小教堂景觀 458
紐約長島海濱別墅 460
加州納帕谷Zakin別墅 464
紐約格林威治頂層公寓 470
美國住宅景觀 Red Walls 476
美國住宅景觀modern transformation 480
巴西圣保羅煙囪房子 486
巴西圣保羅6號公館 492

12 Natural Modern Style
Haifa University Student Center, Israel 388
BGU University Entrance Square & Art Gallery, Israel 392
Sun City Takarazuka, Japan 396
Seashore Landscape Belt, Qinhuangdao 402
Colorful Riverside Landscape Belt, Suining 410
Greenland International Commercial Center, Nanjing 414
Gubei International Fortune Centre (Phase I), Shanghai 420
Gubei Gold Street, Shanghai 424
Gemdale ? Green World (Phase IV), Shanghai 432
Sunshine Golden City, Xi’an 436
Dubai Silicon Oasis Villa Complex 442
New Dutch Waterline 444
Buffalo Bayou Promenade, USA 448
Four Seasons Hotel, Houston, USA 452
Sacred Heart University Chapel, Connecticut, USA 458
Beach House, Long Island, New York 460
Zakin Residence, California 464
Greenwich Penthouse, New York 470
Residential Landscape of Red Walls, USA 476
Modern Transformation to a Residence, USA 480
Chimney House, Sao Paulo, Brazil 486
House 6, Sao Paulo, Brazil 492

13現代節能園林風格
深圳萬科中心 500
臺灣光寶電子公司總部 508
英國倫敦希思羅機場5號航站樓 512
悉尼皮拉瑪公園 516
澳大利亞岬角公園 524
墨爾本國際會議會展中心 530
堪培拉澳大利亞公園 538
美國拉斯維加斯紅巖峽谷游客中心 544
加拿大港濱綠色社區 550

13 Eco-friendly Modern Style
Vanke Center, Shenzhen 500
Lite-On Electronic Headquarters, Taiwan 508
Heathrow T5, London 512
Sydney Pirrama Park 516
Ballast Point Park, Australia 524
Melbourne Convention Exhibition Center 530
The New Australian Gardens at the NGA Canberra 538
Red Rock Canyon Visitor Center, Las Vegas, USA 544
Dockside Green, Canada 550

14現代創意園林風格
上海中邦城市雕塑花園 556
上海800秀創意園 560
日本難波園 566
泰國春武里府尚泰廣場 570
西班牙馬德里里奧景觀 574
西班牙科爾多瓦露天市民活動中心 586
愛沙尼亞公路博物館露天展區 592
荷蘭盧森堡基希貝格星點果園 598
墨爾本717 Bourke 商業街 604
加拿大多倫多中央濱水區 608
美國德克薩斯州運河廣場 612
美國邁阿密林肯公園 616

14 Creative Modern Style
Zobon City Sculpture Garden, Shanghai 556
800 SHOW Creative Park, Shanghai 560
Namba Parks, Japan 566
Central Plaza Chonburi, Thailand 570
Madrid RIO, Madrid, Spain 574
Open Center of Civic Activities, Córdoba, Spain 586
Open-air Exhibition Grounds of the Estonian Road Museum 592
A Fragmented Orchard, Kirchberg 598
717 Bourke Street, Melbourne 604
Toronto Central Waterfront, Canada 608
Waterway Square, Texas, USA 612
Miami Beach SoundScape / Lincoln Park，USA 616

15其他園林風格
日本那須Fantasy Pointe主題公園 624
尼加拉瓜Mukul度假酒店 628

15 Others
Nasu Highland Fantasy Pointe, Japan 624
Mukul, Nicaragua 628






精 彩 文 摘
Abstract

中式園林風格
——雖由人作，渾然天成
中式園林以再現自然山水為設計的基本準則，追求景觀和自然環境的融洽，達到“雖由人作，宛自天開”的審美旨趣。在構圖上以曲線為主，講究曲徑通幽的布局形式。庭院多由假山、花木、流水等共同組成，小品以木質的亭臺、廊柱和水榭為主。通常采用框景、障景、抑景、借景、對景、漏景、夾景、添景等中國古典園林的造園手法，來營造豐富多變的空間形象。

現代的中式園林，無論是南方園林，還是北方園林，都已不拘泥于傳統的園林形式。設計手法上融入了更多的現代理念，既繼承了中國古典園林的基本元素及造園手法，又融合了現代簡約的幾何圖案及線條的設計風格，通過對中式園林思想的理解并提煉，用現代的符號將中式園林的神韻體現出來。

Chinese Style Landscape
- Natural Work by Human Hands

Traditional Chinese landscape honors appearance recapturing natural ones as its guideline in design and goes after integration of designed landscape into natural ones as if a natural work is created by human hands. In terms of composition, curved lines are the main elements and the focus lies in a layout with winding paths leading to secluded places. Basic components of Chinese courtyards are rockwork, flowers, trees and flowing water with decorative pieces, which mainly are wooden bowers, colonnades and waterside pavilions. Traditional Chinese gardens usually employ techniques of classical garden construction, such as view-framing, view-blocking, view-shading, view-borrowing, view-responding, view-leaking, view-lining and view-adding, to create multitude and changeable spaces.

Now no matter in the south or in the north, gardens no long get struck in the frame of traditional ones. More modern ideas are added into the design techniques, which bear basic elements and construction approaches of classical Chinese gardens, meanwhile, combine with minimalist geometrical patterns and lines of modern times. After digested and refined, beauty of philosophy in Chinese garden construction is presented by modern symbols.

日式園林風格
——簡練而精于細節
日本傳統的園林景觀深受中國文化的影響，至今中國古典園林的痕跡仍相當明顯，從模仿自然山水的過程，日本園林逐漸擺脫了詩情畫意和浪漫情趣，走向了枯寂的境界。也可以說它是中式庭院的一個精巧的微縮版本，細節上的處理是日式庭院最精彩的地方。景石的擺放、植物的定位、構景的布局都蘊涵著深刻的哲學思想和東方文化。

隨著城市建設的發展，現代日式園林無論是在本國或是在他國的發展中都呈現出了新的趨勢，即都強調與本土文化、環境相結合，反映出不同民族的自然觀。如德國的H宅邸庭院，利用流淌的池水以及自然石塊營造至美的境界，形成靜謐而和諧的日式庭園氛圍。這些石頭景觀不僅是日式庭園的特色元素，對于有著石頭文化的德國來說，更是一種歷史的傳承。

Japanese Style Landscape
- Succinct in General while Meticulous in Details

Traditional Japanese style landscape features deep marks of Chinese culture on it. So far, it still has obvious traces of classical Chinese gardens left. Starting from imitating natural landscape, Japanese style landscape gradually breaks away from poetic atmosphere and romance and goes towards peaceful and lonesome state. It can be regarded as a meticulous micro version of Chinese courtyard. Detail handling is the most wonderful part of Japanese landscape. The arrangement of feature stones, position of plants and layout of scenery bear profound meaning of philosophy and the Oriental culture.

As the development of cities, no matter in Japan or other nations, modern Japanese style landscape presents a new trend, which emphasizes combination of landscape with local culture and environment to reflect various views about nature in different nations. For instance, Residential Garden for Mr. Herre in Germany uses flowing water and natural stones to create the ultimate beauty so that a secluded and harmonious Japanese style atmosphere can be achieved. Stone is not only a feature element in Japanese style garden, for Germany, a country with a tradition of using stone, but also a symbol of carrying on this tradition.

東南亞園林風格
——取材當地，強調度假風情
東南亞是由中南半島和馬來群島所組成的一個新形成的地區，共包括了泰國、印度尼西亞、馬來西亞等十一個國家，因地理環境的不同造就了各具特色的東南亞園林風格。其傳統的造園手法繼承了自然、健康和休閑的特質，大到空間打造，小到細節裝飾，都體現了對自然的尊重和對手工藝制作的崇尚。

從景觀的發展態勢來看，現代的東南亞園林，更具有開放性與吸納性，它能夠在不同地域不同定位的情況下，從各國的實際需求出發，更靈活地演繹或華麗尊貴，或簡捷洗練，或清新自然的多種設計方向。現代東南亞園林帶來了異國風情，卻呼喚著本土情懷，用現代的手法滿足著輕松閑適的生活需求。

Southeast Asian Style Landscape
- Locally Sourced Materials, Emphasis on Holiday Mood

Southeast Asia is a region consisted of Indo-China peninsula and Malay Archipelago, including 11 countries such as Thailand, Indonesia and Malaysia, where different geographical conditions form different styles of landscape. The traditional garden construction bears characters that are natural, healthy and relaxing. From spatial creation to local decorations, they all show respect for nature and worship of craftsmanship.

From the point of view in developing trend, modern Southeast Asian style goes more open and flexible. It can fit in different regions and different goals. Starting from actual needs of different nations, modern Southeast Asian style is able to interpret grandeur or simple purification or refreshing style in a more flexible way. Modern Southeast Asian style landscape brings in exotic flavor but calls on local feelings. It uses contemporary approaches to satisfy needs for relaxing and cozy life.

印度園林風格
——藝術構圖，沉靜而內斂
印度傳統園林沿襲了波斯伊斯蘭園林的造園法則，平面布局為幾何圖案式，可以分割或進一步分成許多小的幾何圖形，其園林的典型代表是莫臥兒園林。它的一個特點是景觀平面一般是正方形或長方形，分成四塊，四周圍以高墻，入口宏偉壯麗，大門由珍貴木材制成，布滿裝飾。另一個特點是把地形改造成幾層臺地，上層臺地和下層臺地之間用美麗的水坡作過渡，水坡由大理石或玉石制成，上面雕有精美的圖案，水流經過時，在白色石材的映襯下盡顯尊貴。

現代的印度園林風格通常利用水景使整個園林中各種造園要素連接成為一個有機整體，通過利用現代的藍色瓷磚裝飾水池，使傳統的元素在現代的造景氛圍中更顯清新活潑。同時在水中設置涼亭，四周環繞著細細的噴泉，園中還種植一些印度當地的植物，如白花洋蹄甲、桔樹、檸檬樹配以現代的地被植物，體現不一樣的造園格調。

Indian Style Landscape
- Artistic Composition with Serenity and Inwardness

Traditional Indian style landscape follows the principles of Islamic garden construction that layout is in geometrical patterns which can be divided into smaller geometrical ones. Mughal Gardens is the representative. The plane is usually in square or rectangle divided into four parts enclosed by high walls. The grand entrance is made of rare wood covered with decorations. Another feature is the stepped landform. Between the steps, beautiful water slope made of marble or jade carved with fine patterns. With water flowing over, the white marble appears greatness of the garden.

Modern Indian landscape usually employs water feature to connect all the construction elements into one. With modern blue ceramic tiles decorating the pool, traditional elements become lovelier in the modern atmosphere. Bowers will be placed in the waters with fine fountains around. Indian local plants, such as white bauhinia, orange trees and lemon trees along with ground cover, are planted to present a new garden style.

阿拉伯園林風格
——方正規則，富有宗教色彩
傳統的阿拉伯園林繼承了巴比倫、埃及、古波斯的方直的規劃、齊整的栽植和規則的水渠，呈現出較為嚴整的園林風貌。園林面積通常較小，十字形的林蔭路構成中軸線，將全園分割成四個區。在園林中心的十字形道路交匯處布設水池，象征天堂。園中溝渠明暗交替，又分隔出多個幾何形小庭園，每個庭園的樹木相同，彩色陶瓷和馬賽克圖案在庭園裝飾中廣泛應用。

現代的阿拉伯園林，隨著時間推移而演變成了新的形式，但其“天園”模式被嚴格傳承了下來。現代的園林形式多為日常起居、乘涼之用，故布局較簡潔，以綠化為主，花木繁茂多蔭。伊斯蘭教律嚴格，穆斯林婦女大都深居簡出，不拋頭露面，因此園林建設就以實用為本，崇尚天然、樸素。源于宗教，歸于世俗，便成為阿拉伯園林的又一特征。

Arabian Style Landscape
- Regular Layout with Rich Religious Flavor

Traditional Arabian style landscape carries on regular layout, uniform planting and orderly arrangement of channels passed down from times of Babylon, ancient Egypt and Persia. It is a kind of rigorous designed landscape. And Arabian style landscape is usually placed in a small garden with two crossing shaded roads as axes that divide the garden into four parts. At the crossing point in the center, there is a pool symbolizing the heaven. The channels sometimes present themselves but sometimes become concealed. Water that sometimes pours out of a bowl but sometimes in form of drops divides four major parts into more subparts; each features the same species of trees and wide use of colored ceramics and mosaic patterns as decorations.

As time rolls on, modern Arabian style landscape is developed into a new form with the centerpiece – “Garden of Heaven” is kept without any changes. Modern landscape is mainly for daily use or leisure under shade, so the layout is rather simple with flourishing flowers and trees that can provide large area of shade. Based on the strict Islamic disciplines, Arabian style landscape prefers practical designs in worship of nature. “Coming from religion and ending up in daily use” is another character of Arabian style landscape.

地中海園林風格
——取材自然，質樸浪漫
地中海園林風格是一個較為龐大的風格流派，因為環繞著地中海的歐洲國家如西班牙、希臘、意大利等無一不是歷史傳統悠久的文明古國。不同的民族文化背景和不同的民族風俗造就了不同的地中海園林風格。一般來說，地中海風格的形成與地中海沿岸獨特的氣候有關，它所呈現的基調是蔚藍色的浪漫情懷，海天一色、艷陽高照的純美自然。

隨著時間的推移，現代的地中海園林風格在運用的過程中呈現出了不同的設計手法：室內和室外的分界線被有意地模糊了；大露天餐廳、花架、陽傘是園內最常見的內容。露天就餐的悠閑和純樸的生活方式都反映在總體的庭園設計中。地中海風格的庭園很符合現代被稱之為“戶內—戶外”的生活方式 ，并且保留了傳統中最具地中海特征的水元素，一種被稱之為“無界水池”的游泳池正是這類庭園特色的具體呈現。

Mediterranean Style Landscape
- Naturally Sourced, Plain and Romantic

Mediterranean style landscape features a broad coverage, because European countries around the Mediterranean Sea, such as Spain, Greek and Italy, have long history and ancient civilization. Different background of national culture and diverse kinds of custom shape various types of landscape in Mediterranean style. Generally speaking, Mediterranean style landscape is related to the unique climate along the Mediterranean coast. It features romantic feelings in aquamarine color and evokes beautiful coastal scene that the sea and the sky merge into one in bright sunshine.

As time rolls on, modern Mediterranean style landscape adopts new design approaches: boundary between the indoor and the outdoor has been intensively blurred; large open dining area, flower racks, sunshades are commonly used. A cozy and simple lifestyle reflected by outdoor dining is presented in the courtyard design. Mediterranean style courtyard is in line with a modern “indoor-outdoor” lifestyle and keeps water element, which is the most typical Mediterranean element, whose very embodiment is an infinity edge pool.

法式園林風格
——主次分明，構圖嚴謹
法國園林風格的起源主要是受意大利文藝復興影響，在經歷了一段較長時間的模仿后，才開始形成自己獨特的造園式樣。法國大部分地區是遼闊的平原，因此傳統的法國園林常以落葉密林為叢林背景，大量采用黃楊和紫杉作圖案樹壇。水景方面多為整形河道、水池。這種真正原生且帶濃郁民族特色的園林很快在國內普及，并反過來影響了意大利以至整個歐洲。

現代的法國園林打破了傳統的規劃式或自然式的束縛，采用了一種新的動態均衡構圖，具有強烈的幾何性，但又不是抽象統治下的靜態平衡，而是不規則的幾何式體現，具有新的時代特征。

French Style Landscape
- Clear Distinction between the Primary and the Secondary & Rigorous Composition

The origin of French style landscape was affected by Renaissance in Italy. After quite a long time of imitating, it gradually shaped its own style and pattern. Because most regions in France are vast plain, so traditional French style landscape often uses dense deciduous forests as background and widely adopts box-trees and yew-trees to form patterned arrays. Water features are mainly rivers and pools. This really ecological landscape with strong national flavor sweeps across France and, in turn, has an impact on Italy and even the entire Europe.

Modern French style landscape breaks the limitation of traditional regular and natural layout, and adopts a kind of new dynamic composition, which has strong geometrical quality but not static balance under the rule of abstraction. It is actually a geometrical embodiment of irregularity with characters of the new times.

德式園林風格
——理性構圖，突出線條與秩序感
德國早期的園林風格是從模仿英國園林開始的，絕大多數庭園的中軸線由林蔭大道變成林間通道，其他道路自然彎曲，并形成系統。水系貫穿全園，局部擴大成為湖泊，并有大片樹叢及孤植樹限定無分割的廣闊草地空間，形成一個自然式的風情庭園。

現代的德國園林風格，在保護和合理利用自然資源的同時，更尊重生態環境，景觀設計從宏觀的角度去把握規劃，按各種需求、功能以理性分析、邏輯秩序進行設計。取材自然的設計元素被看成是幾何的片斷組合，在理性中透出了質樸的天性。這種自然與人工的沖突所營構的現代德式風格給人帶來強烈的視覺印象。

German Style Landscape
- Rational Composition Emphasizing the Lines and A Sense of Order

Early German style landscape started from imitating English landscape. The axis of most gardens turns from boulevard to path in woods with other winding trails to form a network. Water system goes through the entire garden and lakes are created by enlarging waters at some certain points. The broad lawn is dotted with large groves of trees or a sole tree to form a charming natural style garden.

Contemporary German style landscape respects ecological environment while protecting and reasonably using natural resources. Landscape is planned in a macroscopic perspective, analyzed according to various demands and functions and designed in logical order. Naturally sourced design elements are combination of geometrical fragments, which reveal rustic nature out of rationality. Constructed by contrast between nature and mankind, such modern German style landscape gives an imposing visual effect.

英式園林風格
——自然布局，田園格調
英國的地理條件得天獨厚，民族觀念較穩固，有其自己的審美傳統與興趣觀念，尤其對大自然的熱愛與追求，形成了英國獨特的園林風格。傳統的英式園林以“源于自然，高于自然”的藝術法則，一方面，拋棄了一切幾何形狀和對稱式布局，代之以彎曲的道路、自然式的樹叢和草地、蜿蜒的河流，講究借景和與園外的自然環境相融合。總體特征是自然、疏朗，色彩明快，富有浪漫情調。

現代的英式園林風格除了繼續保留這種傳統的造園特色之外，其趨勢更傾向于觀注北歐各國以及美國的動態，以求融入各國的造園精髓，并且以新的姿態呈現在各國的造園設計上。如移植到美國的英式風格景觀呈現出來的特點，是就地取材，利用當地的萊姆碎石、骨料、水洗碎石、絲柏木等地域化元素，還原英式的田園風情，同時更創新地運用藝術化的手法來修建英式風情的草坪露臺，以減少對地塊自然資源的破壞，實現生態化的景觀營造。

English Style Landscape
- Natural Layout with Idyllic Flavor

UK boasts exceptionally unique geographical conditions with firm national identification. It features its own aesthetic value, especially love for nature, shaping unique English style landscape. Following the principle of “coming from the nature but beyond the nature”, geometrical shapes and symmetrical layout are replaced by winding paths, natural groves of trees, lawns and winding rivers with emphasis on view-borrowing and combination with outer natural environment in traditional English style landscape. Generally, it is natural in a thinly scattered layout with bright colors and romantic mood.

Except for traditional characters in landscape construction, contemporary English style landscape pays more attention to development of landscape construction in Nordic countries and the United States in attempt to absorb their essences and take on a new look in countries out of UK. For example, English style landscape in the United States uses locally sourced materials, like crashed limestone, aggregate, washed gravel and cypress wood to reproduce English style idyllic flavor. Meanwhile, artistic methods are creatively used to build English style grassed terraces, minimizing environmental destruction and realizing eco-friendly landscape construction.

美式園林風格
——布局自由，大氣浪漫
美式園林風格是以西歐自然式園林為主體發展而成的。由于美國獨立時間較晚，民眾多來自世界許多國家，其園林主要是模仿英國等歐洲國家以及日本、中國的園林再結合美國國情加以發展。所以美式園林風格在一開始就注重與大自然的融合。園林中的園路和水池形狀多為自然曲線形，植物設計采用自然式布局，建筑物周圍運用規則式綠籬或半自然的花徑作為過渡。總體來說，美式園林風格以起伏的線條和自然生動模仿為特點。

現代的美式園林風情更注重將自然環境延伸入城市景觀和生活中。通過將景觀引入到建筑中與建筑相互滲透，完整地表達了美國人自由、開放的個性特征。同時，美式園林利用本國的自然特色和在營造技術及材料上的優勢，不斷創新，使其園林在表現手法上趨于多樣化，且注重天然風景與人文建筑的有機結合。這些主要特點正逐步形成美式園林新的藝術風格。

American Style Landscape
- Free Layout & Gorgeous Romance

American style landscape basically develops on the basis of Western European natural style landscape. Due to the US’s late independence and diverse origins of citizens, American style landscape develops on imitation of European ones and gardens in China and Japan, and then combines with local conditions in the US. So, from the very beginning, American style landscape has paid attention to integration with the nature. Paths and shapes of pools are mainly curved. Planting plan adopts natural layout. Around the architecture, orderly built fences and semi-natural flower-lined trails are used as transitional elements. Generally speaking, American style landscape features wavy lines and vivid imitations.

Modern American style landscape pays more attention to its extension into urban landscape and into daily life. By blending landscape into architecture, it fully expresses Americans’ free and open personality. Taking advantage of local features of nature and edge in construction techniques and materials, Americans never stop innovating, creating more diverse approaches of expression in landscape and combination between natural landscapes with architecture. These features are shaping a new style of art of American style landscape.

熱帶沙漠園林風格
——注重地域性造景特色

基于熱帶沙漠氣候而形成的沙漠園林景觀，早期多見于西亞的阿拉伯沙漠、非洲的撒哈拉沙漠以及北美的加利福尼亞沙漠等沙漠地區。由于這些地區具有干旱而酷熱的氣候特點，景觀設計常以沙漠的自然景觀為素材，經過園林藝術和工程技術的處理，集中表現出熱帶沙漠地區的景觀特性、地域文化和社會風情。

隨著時間的發展，在熱帶或者非熱帶地區，景觀設計常模擬熱帶沙漠的自然環境條件，構筑獨具風情的沙漠氣候景觀。與其他氣候帶的園林形式相比，沙漠園林無論在景觀營造或表現手法上，都更接近于自然，尤其注重運用地帶性植物材料造景，充分表現同地帶生物多樣性的景觀魅力。

Tropical Desert Landscape
- Focusing on Creation of Regional Landscape

The landscapes shaped by tropical desert climate are usually found in the Arabian Desert, the Sahara Desert and desert region in South California. Those places feature hot and dry weather, so the landscape architects there often draw inspiration from natural desert landscape to present characters, cultures and custom in those tropical desert regions by garden art and technology.

Nowadays, even in non-tropical regions, desert environment is imitated to build up unique style desert landscapes. Compared with other kinds of landscapes, desert landscapes, in terms of its creation and techniques, are much closer to nature. They focus on regional planning materials to fully express local charming species diversity.

現代自然園林風格
——人與自然和諧共處
現代自然園林是從場地條件和生態平衡原則出發，以自然要素為創作素材，以自然文化為源泉，著重反映出人與自然的和諧關系。自然是風景園林藝術的基礎，正如芬蘭著名建筑師伊利爾?沙里寧（Eliel Saarinen）所說：“對自然的‘形式世界’研究得越多，就越覺得自然形式語言具有豐富的創造性、細膩感和流變性……”

隨著世界各國對自然景觀的認識不斷深入，無論是住宅景觀還是城市綠地，都充分利用自然資源進行景觀整治，以創造出更加豐富動人的園林景觀。東方國家常以山石、水體、植被等自然材料為元素，以構成山巒、峽谷、洞穴、湖泊、溪流、山林等自然空間作為造園要素，結合光影、風雨、山嵐、晨霧等自然現象，營造令人心曠神怡的自然景觀。

Natural Modern Style Landscape
- Harmonious Existence between Mankind and Nature

Based on the site conditions and balance of ecosystem, natural modern style landscape has natural elements as materials for creation and natural world as its source, and focus on the harmony between mankind and nature. As the famous Finn architect Eliel Saarinen said, the deeper research on the “world of form” in the natural world you have done, the more creative, delicate and rheological you will feel the formative language in the nature is.

As the world knows more about natural landscape, both residential landscape and urban green land make a full use of natural resources to create more attractive ones. In the Oriental countries, natural materials such as stone, water, planting are used to model on such forms in natural world as mountains, valleys, caves, lakes, streams and woods. Combined with natural phenomena – light, shadow, wind, rain and mist, they are designed as refreshing natural scenery.

現代節能園林風格
——環保生態，再現歷史文脈
現代節能作為生態設計的一個重要環節和表現，在現代景觀設計中越來越得到重視。在這里，雨水的導流、收集和再利用的過程，通過城市雨水生態設計可以成為城市的一道獨特景觀；設計挖地三尺，把腳下土層和基巖變化作為景觀設計的對象，以喚起大城市居民對摩天大樓與水泥鋪裝下的自然意識。在自然景觀中的水和火不再被當做災害，而是一種維持景觀和生物多樣性所必需的生態過程。

設計中盡可能使用再生原料制成的材料，盡可能將場地上的材料循環使用，最大限度地發揮材料的潛力，減少生產、加工、運輸材料而消耗的能源，減少施工中的廢棄物，并且保留當地的文化特點。

Eco-friendly Modern Style Landscape
- Eco-friendly and Sustainable Landscape to Reproduce Historical Context

As an important part in eco-design, eco-friendly and sustainable strategy receives more and more attention. Water diversion, collection and recycling can be turned into a unique landscape through urban water management. Changes between layers of soil and bedrock underground are exposed as part of landscape to foster awareness of nature beneath skyscrapers and concrete paving among people living in metropolis. Water and fire are no longer destructive factors but necessary ones to keep the diversity of landscape and species.

Reclaimed materials and on-site materials are used as much as possible to reduce energy consumption during the process of production, processing and transport of materials, decrease waste of construction, and keep local cultural characters.

現代創意園林風格
——新穎奇特，營構藝術氛圍
現代創意景觀從一開始就從現代藝術中汲取了豐富的形式語言。對于尋找能夠表達當前的科學、技術和人類意識活動的形式語匯的設計師來說，藝術無疑提供了最直接最豐富的源泉。從早期的立體主義、構成主義到后來的極簡藝術、波普藝術，每一種藝術思潮和藝術形式都為景觀創意提供了最新穎奇特的設計語匯。

在現代園林設計中，最引人注目并且容易理解的就是以現代創意面貌出現的設計要素。現代設計師可以較自由地運用光影、色彩、聲音、質感等形式要素與地形、水體、植物、建筑與構筑物等形體要素創造園林與環境。如上海800秀創意園提出了一些頗有新意的設想，用點狀地形加強圍合感，線狀地形創造連綿的空間，為都市人提供了一個釋放壓力的好去處。

Creative Modern Style Landscape
- Novelty to Create Artistic Atmosphere

At the onset, creative modern style takes in rich formative language from modern art. For landscape architects who are seeking for a language to express contemporary science, technology and human minds, art is undoubtedly the richest and the most direct source. From early cubism, constructivism to the latter minimalist art and pop art, each one provides landscape creativity with the most innovative and unusual design vocabulary.

In modern landscape design, the most eye-catching and easiest to understand is design element appears in modern creative look. Landscape architects are free to use light-shadow effect, color, sound, textures to combine with landform, water body, plants, architecture and structure to create gardens and environment. Take 800 Show in Shanghai for example, some innovated ideas were brought up: dot-shaped spaces to strengthen a sense of enclosure, linear spaces to create continuous one as a good choice for urban citizens to release pressure.



廣 告 圖

內 頁 摘 錄
作者簡介：
香港科訊國際出版有限公司，唐藝設計資訊集團旗下編輯出版機構，2000年成立，專業專注于地產（建筑、景觀、規劃、室內、裝飾）設計類圖書雜志的編輯出版，超過10年行業經驗，是目前區亞太地區最大的建筑設計類傳媒策劃出版發行企業之一。經典代表作有：《時代樓盤》《時代空間》雜志、《國際風格樓盤》系列、《國際品牌酒店》系列、《棲居-萬科的房子》系列、《中式住宅》等等，依托唐藝強大的發行直銷體系，銷售網絡遍布中國各大城市和東南亞、韓國、印度和日本；“唐藝”“Tang Art”已經成為了行業內知名品牌。
Tang Art Design Information Group Limited was established in March, 2000, engaged in the publishing planning and distribution of Science and Technology books (including architecture, landscape, planning, interior decoration, advertisement, real estate). It is a professional company that provides the newest information and consulting service for professional person in design industry (including architecture, decoration, advertisement, multimedia, network and the else).